Autonomous vehicles are beginning to become a real possibility in Agriculture, transportation, and military industry. The time when we are going to look at autonomous vehicles in everyday life for the routine user is rapidly approaching. The autonomous vehicle segment is the fastest growing segment in the automotive industry. Many multinational companies are investing huge human and material capital in R&D of hardware and software that support this function. These include components like lidars, cameras, sensors and the algorithms running behind them, must work closely together to achieve fully autonomous driving. Artificial Intelligence is the most important and advanced component of self-driving vehicles. The total number of sensors with real time data and the need for intelligent processing of the data can be tremendous.

There are numerous tasks for autonomous vehicles that are still exhibiting significant challenges and need to have modern approaches. Replacing the cognitive and motor abilities of a human is not easy and will need continue work in progress for years to come. There are different tasks that AI needs to solve so that we achieve reliable and safe autonomous drive.

Since AI has been used successfully in many areas, including robotics and this shows that AI technologies will provide a safer and more deterministic behavior which will lead to benefits such as fuel efficiency, comfort, and convenience. But most of the countries that have started testing autonomous vehicles have not yet provided a concrete regulatory guideline for such autonomous vehicles. There are still no guidelines or regulatory framework in which autonomous vehicles can run independently.

Even though the governments of some countries, including the US, Japan, and Singapore showed interest in commercializing autonomous technologies, but it is still in a stage of development.

AI in Autonomous Vehicles are divided in 5 levels out of which we have successfully reaced level 3 and we are yet to have success in level 4 & 5:

Level 1: Driver ASSISTANCE -The vehicle characteristics have a single automated system. (E.g. it monitors speed through cruise control)

Level 2: Partial automation – ADAS the vehicle can perform steering and acceleration. The human still needs to monitor all tasks and can take control at any time

Level 3: Conditional Automation- Environmental detection abilities. The vehicle can perform most driving tasks, but human attention is still required.

Level 4: High Automation- The vehicle performs all driving task under specific circumstance. Still human care/attention is still an option

Level 5: Full automation – The vehicle performs all driving tasks under all condition. Zero human attention or interaction is required

Companies like Tesla, Uber, Lyft, Waymo, and the current automakers sense the competitive pressure are speeding up the emergence of autonomous tech. The hurry to create self-driving cars has fueled GM's $1 billion acquisition of Cruise, Uber buying Otto for $680 million, Ford’s $1 billion Argo Ai project, and Intel acquiring Mobileye for a massive $15.3 billion.

From Supply Side in AI technology providers we have companies such as NVIDIA (US), Intel (US), IBM (US), Microsoft (US), Xilinx (US), and Alphabet (US). From demand side companies like Tesla, BMW, Ford, Toyota, Daimler, Google, Volkswagen are investing in the AI software’s and components to bring in the best semi-autonomous or autonomous cars in the market

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